Abstract: Guiding the evolution of jobs-housing relations requires a clear account of how these relations form. Using mobile-phone signaling data for Shanghai, this study constructs a jobs-housing network and examines its nodes, edges, and overall organization. Employment and residential nodes show both convergence and divergence; network edges combine centripetal and dispersed patterns; and the network forms a one-core, multi-cluster structure. Statistical analysis indicates that edge formation follows a common power-law mechanism, while spatial distance and housing prices shape edge intensity. Shanghai's monocentric housing-price gradient and employment concentration jointly generate the observed network. The resulting challenges include spatial mismatch, transport bottlenecks, and socio-spatial inequity. Scenario simulations show how housing affordability and employment decentralization alter commuting patterns and support corresponding planning responses.