Abstract: As a critical means of optimizing spatial structure, improving infrastructure, and enhancing urban resilience, the development of urban underground space plays an indispensable role in achieving cities' low-carbon and sustainability goals, and its scientific planning has drawn increasing attention. Against this backdrop, this study employs CiteSpace software and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database to systematically review the research progress, hotspots, and trends in urban underground space planning in China from 1995 to 2024. The findings reveal a concerted evolution among spatial planning, its upstream comprehensive evaluation, and downstream management and implementation. The development can be broadly divided into three stages: the "exploratory stage" (up to 2007), focused on foundational planning research and practical experience accumulation; the "rapid growth stage" (2008–2018), marked by advances in system construction, spatial coordination, and technical upgrading in planning methodologies, alongside concentrated efforts in rail transit, ecological energy conservation, and safety assurance; and the "high-quality development stage" (from 2019 onward), characterized by research on integrating underground space planning into the national territorial spatial planning system to serve urban renewal, and explorations of human-oriented, green, intelligent, and resilient underground space planning. Building on these findings, the paper discusses future prospects for urban underground space planning from the perspectives of functional compounding, embedding, and facility sharing.