Abstract: This study examines the allocation of governmental authority in territorial spatial planning at the municipal, county, and township levels. By analyzing the underlying logics of authorization, decentralization, and centralization, it proposes strategies for optimizing planning governance. The findings indicate that the authority structure of local governments and their planning departments at the municipal-county-township level reflects a logic of clear hierarchical authorization and coordinated responsibilities. However, problems characteristic of decentralization, including ambiguous authorization, overlapping authority, and misaligned responsibilities, persist to a notable degree. Conversely, the division of departmental authority exhibits a pronounced tendency toward centralization. The study concludes that improving the planning governance system depends on clarifying authority relationships within the planning framework, with the key task being to define the boundaries of planning authority at each level of government.