Abstract: The county and township level territorial spatial planning system acts as a bridge between the central and local authorities in planning. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the issues confronting the current county-level territorial spatial planning, including unclear mandate, misassignment of authority, and inadequate policy transmission mechanism. It proposes reconstructing the county-level territorial spatial planning system based on political scale, administrative power distribution, and planning technology, with comprehensive consideration of regional differences and local circumstances. It synthesizes practices in diverse locations into four common types of county-township territorial spatial planning systems, including countytownship joint planning, town-village joint planning, separate county-township planning, and joint planning by multiple towns. Based on an analysis of the objectives, applicability, main characteristics, and key principles of the four planning types, the paper concludes that each type is suited to particular local circumstances. It stresses the importance of researching county and township level territorial spatial planning, with timely reflections on practices in leading regions in order to advance the theories in territorial spatial planning.